• Typically upon chronic agonist exposure GPCRs undergo desens

  2022-08-04

  

  Typically, upon chronic agonist exposure GPCRs undergo desensitization and internalization resulting in a loss of receptor responsiveness over time (Drake et al., 2006, Kelly et al., 2008). However, not all GPCR systems conform to this model of acute agonist-mediated regulation. Some receptors have

• Acknowledgements br Introduction The neurotransmitter glycin

  2022-08-04

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction The neurotransmitter glycine acts through two receptors: a strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor (GlyA) and a strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor (GlyB). GlyA is localized to the neuronal membrane post-synaptic to inhibitory glycinergic neurons, whereas GlyB is

• Another consistent observation in our studies was the lower

  2022-08-03

  

  Another consistent observation in our studies was the lower plasma catecholamine concentrations in the exercised GHSR-null mice, suggesting a diminished sympathoadrenal response. A proper sympathoadrenal response is essential for increasing substrate utilization during exercise [81]. Thus, the reduc

• Some clinical reports have suggested that galanin has a role

  2022-08-03

  

  Some clinical reports have suggested that galanin has a role in the neurobiology of mood disorders [[6], [7], [8], [9], [10]]. In behavioral studies, contradictory results have been reported [11,12]. For example, systemic administration of non-selective galanin receptor agonists, such as galmic [13]

• Similarly spectrophotometric titrations were carried out und

  2022-08-03

  

  Similarly, spectrophotometric titrations were carried out under conditions identical to those used for the fluorescence titrations. exhibited a predominant calcifediol mg band at around 493 nm. The titrations with all G-quadruplex DNAs resulted in a hypochromic effect along with a bathochromic shi

• Ligand selectivity may directly be related to the

  2022-08-03

  

  Ligand selectivity may directly be related to the conformational landscape explored by GPCRs despite that most GPCRs do not require dimerization for ligand recognition (Mary et al., 2012). Monomer FPRs have traditionally been perceived as receptors that can recognize N-formyl peptides and LXA4. This

• Recently Bristol Myers Squibb and Merck

  2022-08-03

  

  Recently, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Merck reported their GPR40 agonist research focused on the modification of α,β-position of phenylpropionic topoisomerase inhibitors derivatives. For example, in recent published patent applications, Bristol-Myers Squibb claimed the pyrrolidine and dihydropyrazole

• clozapine clozaril br Author contributions statement P N Y

  2022-08-03

  

  Author contributions statement P.N.Y. designed the study, analyzed the data and prepared the draft of the manuscript. C.S performed the experiments, analyzed the data and generated Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8. A.K. and S.D. made Supplementary Figs. S1 and S2. D.

• br Results br Discussion Impaired BBB

  2022-08-03

  

  Results Discussion Impaired BBB functions evoke vasogenic edema, which elevates intracranial pressure and leads to a life-threatening condition (Sperk, 1994, Unterberg et al., 2004, Simard et al., 2007). In addition, vasogenic edema formation results in the worsen consequence contributing to p

• A recent novel and important finding is that

  2022-08-03

  

  A recent novel and important finding is that YAP connects cellular growth with anabolism; YAP suppresses the transcriptional induction of genes which importantly regulate gluconeogenesis in the liver; namely glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6PC) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1

• Introduction Breast cancer is the most common

  2022-08-03

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, representing 30% of new cancer diagnoses. In addition, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women [1]. With regard to the risk of breast cancer, proper diagnosis and stratification of tumors for individuali

• Compared to previously reported atypical N glycosites that w

  2022-08-02

  

  Compared to previously reported atypical N-glycosites that were identified based on the deamidation of asparagine residues after PNGase F treatment [106], [107], these two studies further validated the identified atypical motif glycosites by directly identifying their intact glycopeptides. Since the

• this page br Experimental procedures br Results

  2022-08-02

  

  Experimental procedures Results Discussion Although the presence and localization of the GlyR subunits have been determined in the adult retina, the proportion of each GlyR subunit has not been assessed in the adult or in the developing retina. In the present study, we carried out the abso

• The transport of glutamate by EAAT from the extracellular fl

  2022-08-02

  

  The transport of glutamate by EAAT2 from the extracellular fluid into either astrocytes or endothelial cells is an unfavorable and energy-consuming process. This energy is provided by a coupled co-transport of three sodium ions, one proton, and one glutamate molecule in the counter-transport of one

• br Methods GLUT DS was diagnosed either when

  2022-08-02

  

  Methods GLUT1DS was diagnosed either when analysis of the SLC2A1 gene showed a pathogenic mutation and/or when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis met the criteria for GLUT1DS: a CSF L-NMMA citrate australia below the 10th percentile, a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to blood ratio below the 25th perc

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